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CITATION VERIFICATION

Citations you can stand behind, checked against CrossRef.

Every other AI tool formats citations. CoChat checks each one against CrossRef the moment it appears, and flags the fabricated, disputed, or unverifiable references.

Free to start. Works across CrossRef, PubMed, arXiv, OpenAlex, Semantic Scholar, CORE, and DOAJ.

WHAT IT IS

What is citation verification?

Citation verification is the process of confirming that a cited source actually exists, says what it is cited for, and is correctly attributed. CoChat checks every citation against CrossRef, the DOI, title, authors, and venue, and flags any reference it cannot confirm.

Most AI tools generate citations, they produce a formatted reference but never check whether the paper behind it is real. That is how fabricated citations reach published work: the formatting looks perfect, so nobody questions the source.

CoChat closes that gap. Every source is checked against CrossRef’s 150 million-plus records, so verified sources get a green badge and disputed or unfindable references get flagged. You see the status before you cite, not after a reviewer or editor does.

HOW IT WORKS

Verification in four steps, automatically

Thesis Research · CoChat research
You ask, in the middle of writing chapter three.
Does SGLT2 inhibition reduce rehospitalization in heart failure?
Searching CrossRef · PubMed · Semantic Scholar · arXiv
Empagliflozin in Heart Failure with a Preserved Ejection Fraction
Anker et al. · New England Journal of Medicine · 2021
Dapagliflozin in Patients with Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction
McMurray et al. · New England Journal of Medicine · 2019
2 papers pulled from indexed databases. Nothing generated.
Empagliflozin in Heart Failure with a Preserved Ejection Fraction
10.1056/NEJMoa2107038
DOI Matched in CrossRef
Title Exact match
Authors 14 of 14 confirmed
Venue and year N Engl J Med, 2021
Verified · CrossRef
References 3 in this section
Verified · CrossRef
Empagliflozin in Heart Failure with a Preserved Ejection Fraction
10.1056/NEJMoa2107038
No CrossRef match
SGLT2 Inhibition Reduces Rehospitalization by 47%: A Meta-Analysis
10.1016/j.jacc.2022.09.014 — not registered
Disputed metadata
Dapagliflozin in Patients with Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction
Year cited 2020 · CrossRef says 2019
Status shown before you cite, not after a reviewer does.
Claim in your draft
“SGLT2 inhibition reduced rehospitalization by 47% in patients with preserved ejection fraction.”
Cited to Anker et al., N Engl J Med, 2021
Reading the cited paper through Semantic Scholar
What the paper reports
Hospitalization for heart failure occurred in 259 of 2997 patients — a 27% relative reduction.
Claim not supported
A real paper, cited for a figure it never reported. Flagged before it reaches your draft.
THE WORKFLOW IT UNLOCKS

The trustworthy version of your research starts here

Confirming one citation is useful. What changes how you work is where those verified sources go next.

Every verified source collects in your project, ready to drop into a literature review table and cite when you draft. Nothing unverified slips in, so the reference list you export was clean from the start.

SEE THE RESULT

Watch a fabricated citation get caught

Two references that look equally polished. One resolves to a real paper; one does not exist. CoChat tells them apart the moment each one appears.

BEFORE / AFTER

Generator vs. Verifier

Citation generators (Scribbr, MyBib, etc.)

CoChat citation verification

Core job

Format a source into APA, MLA, or Chicago

Confirm the source is real and correctly cited

Fabricated source

Formats it perfectly, fake in, fake out

 

Flags it, no CrossRef match

Wrong attribution

Cannot detect it

Checks the claim against the paper

When you find errors

When a reviewer, editor, or judge does

Before you cite, in real time

Output

A formatted citation string

A verified source plus a clean exportable bibliography

Use both. Verify here; format anywhere.

WHY COCHAT

CoChat verifies what other tools only format.

A citation can fail two ways, and CoChat guards both.

1. The source does not exist. AI invents references that look perfect and lead nowhere, and a newer model does not fix it:

146,932

hallucinated, non-existent citations in scientific papers in 2025 alone

11.4% to 56.8%

fabrication across ten deployed commercial models, a 45.4-point spread

14.23% to 94.93%

across thirteen models, including GPT-5 and Claude-4. Every model tested hallucinated.

The reason is not dishonesty, it is forgetting: during a long synthesis the source data slips out of the model's context window, and it fills the gap with citation-shaped text. A bigger model fills the same gap the same way, which is why the fix has to live outside the model.

2. The source is real but does not say what it is cited for. This one predates AI, and the research literature has measured it for decades:

25.4%

total quotation error rate across 28 pooled studies of medical journals (2015)

16.9%

in a larger 2025 meta-analysis of 46 studies and 32,000+ references, with no improvement over time

One in four

citations in marine biology papers found inappropriate to the source they point to (2010)

Grounding in a database catches the first. Reading the full source catches the second. CoChat does both. The CoChat Citation Registry, our proprietary, persistent record of every source you gather, checks each one against CrossRef the moment it appears, and CoChat reads the full source to check the claim against what the paper actually says, so the first real question about any citation, is it real and does it support my point, is answered before you write a sentence.

150M+

CrossRef records, checked on every citation

7 databases

Real sources in, no training-data guesses

Real-time

verification as sources appear, not a post-hoc audit

Claim-level

catches real sources cited for things they never said

WHO USES IT?

Same home, different research

Same capability, different context. Click to see how citation verification works across fields and roles.

PART OF CITATION MANAGEMENT

See the complete citation workflow

Management is the lifecycle. These are the focused capabilities inside it, each answering a narrower question.

The full lifecycle
Citation Management

Find, verify, triage, review, and cite, in one workspace. Verification is one step inside it.

See how citation management works →

Facing a reference list too long to check by hand?
Citation Triage

Sort a whole bibliography by what holds up in one pass, so your attention goes where it counts. Useful for a large search return or vetting someone else’s manuscript.

See how citation triage works →

Management is the lifecycle. Verification and triage are the deep dives inside it. You get all three in one workspace.

FAQ

Frequently asked questions

1. What is the difference between a citation generator and citation verification?
A generator formats a source into a style like APA or MLA but does not check whether the source is real. Verification confirms the source actually exists and is correctly attributed. CoChat verifies every citation against CrossRef in real time and flags any it cannot confirm, then exports a clean bibliography you can format anywhere.
2. How accurate are AI-generated citations?
General-purpose chatbots frequently fabricate citations, inventing DOIs, author names, and entire papers that look real but do not exist. CoChat verifies every citation against CrossRef the moment it appears, so fabricated references are flagged automatically.
3. Can AI check if a citation is real?
Yes. CoChat checks every citation against CrossRef's 150 million-plus records, verifying the DOI, title, authors, and venue. Verified sources get a green badge; disputed or unfindable sources are flagged. For quotes and paraphrases, it also reads the full source and checks the claim against what the paper says.
4. Does CoChat format citations in APA or MLA?
CoChat's focus is verification, not formatting. It exports clean, verified bibliographies to BibTeX, RIS, and CSV that import into Zotero, EndNote, or your reference manager for final styling.
5. Do I still read the sources myself?
Yes. CoChat confirms a source is real and correctly attributed; the judgment about what to cite stays yours. Verification tells you which sources are worth your reading time, it does not read for you.

Stop trusting citations. Start verifying them.

Every DOI checked. Every source badged. Every fabricated reference flagged the moment it appears.

Free to start. Built into every CoChat research workflow.